Agricultural technology for growing apple seeds
Apple (Malus domestica) is a deciduous tree that belongs to the Rosaceae family. Apple is a valuable fruit crop that produces fruits with a pleasant taste and aroma.
The apple grows in a variety of climate zones, but it grows best in temperate regions.
1. Variety selection
When choosing an apple variety, you need to consider the following factors:
- Purpose of cultivation. For cultivation as a fruit crop, varieties with high yields and good quality fruits are selected.
- Winter hardiness. Some apple varieties can tolerate short-term frosts, while others require shelter for the winter.
- Terms of ripening. Apples come in early, mid and late varieties.
2. Soil preparation
The apple is a light-loving and moisture-loving plant, so to grow it you need to prepare a sunny and well-drained place.
The soil for planting an apple must be fertile and neutral or slightly acidic.
3. Landing
Apple seedlings are planted in the spring, when the threat of frost has passed.
Seedlings are planted in planting holes with a depth and diameter of 60-70 cm. A layer of drainage made of broken brick or crushed stone is poured into the planting hole, then a layer of fertile soil. The seedlings are planted so that the root collar is at soil level. After planting, the seedlings are watered abundantly.
4. Plant care
An apple is an unpretentious plant, but to get a good harvest the following measures must be taken:
- Watering. The apple is a moisture-loving plant, so it is necessary to water the plants regularly during the growing season. Water the plants 2-3 times a week, using 10-15 liters of water per 1 m².
- Feeding. During the period of active plant growth, 2-3 fertilizing with mineral fertilizers is carried out. The first feeding is carried out in the phase of 3-4 true leaves, the second - in the flowering phase, the third - in the fruiting phase.
- Trimming. To form the crown of the apple, pruning is carried out. Pruning is carried out in the spring, before the buds open.
- Protection from pests and diseases. Apples are susceptible to various diseases and pests. To protect plants from pests and diseases, it is necessary to carry out preventive treatments.
5. Harvest
The apple begins to bear fruit 4-5 years after planting. Apple fruits ripen in August-September. The ripening of apple fruits is determined by their characteristic color and softness. Apple fruits are harvested by hand, cutting them off with the stem.
6. Diseases and pests
Apples are susceptible to the following diseases:
- Cercospora
- Powdery mildew
- Scab
- Black spot
- Moniliosis
Apple is susceptible to the following pests:
- Aphids
- Codling moth
- Apple mite
- Apple Sorrel
Additional Tips
- To get an earlier apple harvest, you can grow it with seedlings. Apple seedlings are grown at home or in greenhouses.
- To increase the yield of an apple, you can grow it next to other crops that repel pests.
Notes
- To grow apples in open ground in regions with cold climates, it is necessary to choose frost-resistant varieties.
- To protect the apple from pests and diseases, it is necessary to use insecticides and fungicides.
- To get a good apple harvest, you must follow the watering and fertilizing regime.
The apple grows in a variety of climate zones, but it grows best in temperate regions.
1. Variety selection
When choosing an apple variety, you need to consider the following factors:
- Purpose of cultivation. For cultivation as a fruit crop, varieties with high yields and good quality fruits are selected.
- Winter hardiness. Some apple varieties can tolerate short-term frosts, while others require shelter for the winter.
- Terms of ripening. Apples come in early, mid and late varieties.
2. Soil preparation
The apple is a light-loving and moisture-loving plant, so to grow it you need to prepare a sunny and well-drained place.
The soil for planting an apple must be fertile and neutral or slightly acidic.
3. Landing
Apple seedlings are planted in the spring, when the threat of frost has passed.
Seedlings are planted in planting holes with a depth and diameter of 60-70 cm. A layer of drainage made of broken brick or crushed stone is poured into the planting hole, then a layer of fertile soil. The seedlings are planted so that the root collar is at soil level. After planting, the seedlings are watered abundantly.
4. Plant care
An apple is an unpretentious plant, but to get a good harvest the following measures must be taken:
- Watering. The apple is a moisture-loving plant, so it is necessary to water the plants regularly during the growing season. Water the plants 2-3 times a week, using 10-15 liters of water per 1 m².
- Feeding. During the period of active plant growth, 2-3 fertilizing with mineral fertilizers is carried out. The first feeding is carried out in the phase of 3-4 true leaves, the second - in the flowering phase, the third - in the fruiting phase.
- Trimming. To form the crown of the apple, pruning is carried out. Pruning is carried out in the spring, before the buds open.
- Protection from pests and diseases. Apples are susceptible to various diseases and pests. To protect plants from pests and diseases, it is necessary to carry out preventive treatments.
5. Harvest
The apple begins to bear fruit 4-5 years after planting. Apple fruits ripen in August-September. The ripening of apple fruits is determined by their characteristic color and softness. Apple fruits are harvested by hand, cutting them off with the stem.
6. Diseases and pests
Apples are susceptible to the following diseases:
- Cercospora
- Powdery mildew
- Scab
- Black spot
- Moniliosis
Apple is susceptible to the following pests:
- Aphids
- Codling moth
- Apple mite
- Apple Sorrel
Additional Tips
- To get an earlier apple harvest, you can grow it with seedlings. Apple seedlings are grown at home or in greenhouses.
- To increase the yield of an apple, you can grow it next to other crops that repel pests.
Notes
- To grow apples in open ground in regions with cold climates, it is necessary to choose frost-resistant varieties.
- To protect the apple from pests and diseases, it is necessary to use insecticides and fungicides.
- To get a good apple harvest, you must follow the watering and fertilizing regime.